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Materials & Science
- Acclimatisation
- Air-Dried Timber / Air Seasoning
- Annual Rings (Growth Rings)
- Veneer
- Hardwood
- Softwood
- Plain Sawn
- Quarter Sawn
- Rift Sawn
- S4S (Surfaced 4 Sides)
- Ramin
- Open Grain
- Closed Grain
- PAR (Planed All Round)
- Clear
- U/E (Un-edged)
- S/E (Square-edged)
- MC & EMC (Moisture Content & Equilibrium Moisture Content)
- Kiln-Dried Timber / Kiln Seasoning
- Burr / Burl
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Tools & Equipment
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Joinery & Anatomy
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Techniques & Processes
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Finishes, Adhesives & Abrasives
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Measurement & Layout
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Milling & Specifications
A UK, Australian, and international lumber trade designation indicating that a board has been factory-planed smooth on all four sides (both faces and both edges) to precise dimensions.
PAR is the Commonwealth equivalent of the North American S4S (Surfaced 4 Sides).
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